Food melon show promising prospects. But if the land is increasingly hard factors, nutrient poor, especially micro-nutrients and natural hormones, climatic factors and meteorological factors of pests and diseases and maintenance factors that is not addressed, then the profit will decrease.
INTRODUCTION
Food melon show promising prospects. But if the land is increasingly hard factors, nutrient poor, especially micro-nutrients and natural hormones, climatic factors and meteorological factors of pests and diseases and maintenance factors that is not addressed, then the profit will decrease.
PT. Natural Nusantara try to help improve the productivity of melon in quantity, quality and sustainability of the environment (aspects of the K-3).
II. GROWING CONDITIONS
2.1. Climate
Keep exposure to direct sunlight for growth. A moisture melon crops highly vulnerable to disease. The optimum temperature between 25-300C. The wind blows strong enough to damage crops of melon. The rain continues to affect the plant melons. It grows well at altitudes of 300-900 m above sea level.
2.2. Culture media
good ground is sandy clay which contains organic materials such as andosol, regosol lateritic soil and grumosol, provided that the absence of soil properties can be manipulated by liming, the addition of organic matter and fertilization. Melon plants do not like the ground is too wet, soil pH of 5.8 to 7.2.
III. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISING
3.1. Nurseries
3.1.1. Making Media Semai
Prepare natural glio: 1-2 glio packaging natural mixed with 50-100 kg of manure on land of 1000 m2. Next + 1 week silence in the shade while still maintaining moisture and stirring time (reversed).
Mix the finely crushed (sifted) 2 Rooms / 2 cups (volume 10 LT), ripe manure that has been finely sifted as much as 1 part / 1 bucket, TSP (± 50 g) was dissolved in 2 natural cork and NASA POC glio already bred 1-2 kg of manure. Enter a polybag seedlings media sizes up to 8x10 cm filled to 90%.
3.1.2. planting and maintenance techniques
Soak the seeds in 1 liter of hot water 20-250C + 1 POC NASA closed for 8-12 hours, then simmering + 48 hours. In addition, planting bags, as deep as 1 to 1.5 cm. The seeds planted in a vertical position and the candidate points down roots. Seeds covered with a mixture of rice husk ash and soil with a ratio of 2:1. The bag is placed online seedbed for full sunlight from sunrise to drown. Given a clear plastic cover with one end open.
NASA POC spray to stimulate the development of seeds, seedlings at the age of 7-9 days with a dose of 1.0 to 1.5 cc / liter. Watering is done by carefully regularly every morning.
Melon seeds that are 4-5 sprigs or leaves of melon plants were 10-12 days of transplantation may sachets per plastic bag was carefully opened and the soil below seed planted in beds that have been drilled before, Beds should not be short of water.
3.2. Media Processing Plant
3.2.1. Open land
Before the first hijacked flooded overnight, then the next day because of piracy a depth of about 30 cm. Once it is done drying, refined.
3.2.2. Formation of beds
Maximum of 12-15 m long beds, 30-50 cm tall; beds 100-110 cm wide, and 55-65 cm wide ditch.
3.2.3. Calcification
The use of lime per 1000 m2 in soil pH 4-5 takes 150-200 kg of dolomite, at pH 5-6 is required 75-150 kg of dolomite and pH> 6 is required up to 50 kg of dolomite .
3.2.4. The basic fertilization
Fertilizer
Cage
(Tonnes / ha) Macro dose of fertilizer
(L / tree) of the NASA POC Dose
KCl urea SP36
4-5 12 20 8 30-60 CAP / 1000 m2
+ Water to taste (for)
The result will be better if fertilization base POC NASA NASA has replaced SUPER mixed water evenly over the bed with a dose of 1-2 m2 botol/1000 by:
Option 1: 1 bottle SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of mother liquor had to empty beds.
Alternative 2: all gembor vol 1 10 lt gave 1 tablespoon SUPER urged NASA to flush + 10 feet of beds.
3.2.5. Glio provide natural
To prevent fungal disease mainly attacks the wilting of natural disperse glio which was prepared before planting. Dose of 1-2 packs per 1000 m2
3.2.6. Installation of black-silver plastic mulch (PHP)
Installation of mulch should be at the blazing sun beds for mulch to enlarge, close properly. Leave the mulch covered beds 3-5 days before the planting hole.
3.3. Planting technique
3.3.1. Perforation of the plant
+ 10 cm diameter holes, hole distance of 60-80 cm. Models can be either planting two rows, facing each other to form rectangles or triangles.
3.3.2. How planting
Seedlings ready for planting was transferred with the medium. Try not to damage the plant roots while ripping bags.
3.4. Maintenance
3.4.1. Sting
Stitching done 3-5 days after planting. When you've finished a new sewing plant must be soaked in water. This should be done late afternoon sewing
3.4.2. Weeding
Weeding done to clean up the weeds / weed.
3.4.3. Perempelan>
Perempelan made to the Water Branch / bud is not the main branch.
3.4.4. Fertilization
Fertilizer application time Macro (g / plant)
KCl urea SP-36
Age 10 days 12 12 10
Age 20 days 12 12 10
Age 30 days 12 8 12
Age 40 days 12 8 20
NASA POC:
(Ha)
From the age of 1 week - 6 or 7 weeks
NASA POC is sprayed in the factory:
• Option 1: 6-7 times (1 week apart) with a dose of 4 bottles per tank
• Option 2: 4 times (at intervals of 2 weeks) with a dose of 6 bottle / tank
3.4.5. Usage HORMONIK
HORMONIK Dose: 1-2 cc / liter of water or 1-2 3-5 closed closed HORMONIK + NASA POC each spray tank. HORMONIK spray from the age of 3-11 weeks, 7 days apart.
3.4.6. Dusting
Watering of plant growth, fruit picked unless it rains. During watering not to wet the leaves and splashing water from the aquifer is not affected by leaves and fruit. Watering was done early in the morning.
3.4.7. Other maintenance
a. Marking Installation
Marking after planting sulurnya tendrils. participation of top + 150 to 200 cm. Marker is made of solid materials that can withstand the load of fruit + 2-3 kg. Place stakes ditancapkannya + 25 cm from the edge of right and left guludan. To be able to add more reliable marker of long bamboo shoots placed in the triangle between bamboo or wooden crosses along the line of the marker marker behind.
b. Pruning
Plum in melon plants are designed to maintain compliance with the desired branch. Plant height was made on average between 20 th at the point 25 (Section, a branch or a book of these plants). Prune if the air dry and sunny, so that the scars are not attacked by fungi. When pruning is done every 10 days, the first cut is a branch near the ground and leaving two pieces of leaves and branches that grow leaves topped with 2 leaves. Pruning is stopped, if the height of the plants have reached the junction of 20 or 25.
3.5. Pests and diseases
3.5.1. Pest
a. Louse Aphis (Aphis gossypii Glover)
Feature: a liquid resin containing honey and saw a bright distance. Young Aphis yellow, while the adults have wings and some blackish color. Symptoms: Plants winding tops become dry due to fluid aspirated pests leaves. Control: (1) weeds always cleaned in order not to be a host of pests, (2) spray or natural PESTONA BVR.
b. Thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny)
File: the attack phase when the plant mature plant. nymphs and adults are yellowish brown and black. The attack in the dry season. Symptoms: young leaves or shoots are curly, and yellow spots, curly, and stunted plants and fruit may not form normally. These symptoms to watch for having contracted the virus that thrips pests. Control: Spray with natural or PESTONA BVR.
3.5.2. Disease
a. BRR
Cause: Bacteria tracheiphila Erwin E.F.Sm. This disease can spread through the intermediate mountain-Oteng Oteng sheets (Aulacophora femoralis Motschulsky). Symptoms: The leaves and withered branches, shrinkage occurs in the leaves, leaf color yellow, dry and eventually die; plant leaves wilt one by one, even if the color is still green. If the plant stem is cut transversely and emit a thick white sticky mucus can even be established as a thread. Control: the use of natural resources glio before planting.
b. Stem rot disease Jetty (black rot bligt)
Cause: Fungus Mycophaerekka melonis (Passerini), Chiu and Walker. Symptoms: The base of the stem as a submerged oil and mucus came out red-brown color, then the plants wither and die, the leaves dry attacked. Control: (1) the use of PHP to prevent moisture mulch around the base of the stem and prevent injuries in the roots and stem base, as weeding, (2) clean the affected leaves . (3) use the natural glio before planting as a precaution.
Note: If a pesticide use natural pesticides can not cope with the recommended use of chemical pesticides. To be more evenly spraying of chemical pesticides and are not easily lost by rainwater add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, + 5 ml dose (1 / 2 cap) / tank.
3.5.3. Weeds
Against weeds (plant pests) affect plants, competition for nutrients, grow and light the place. Cancellation of weeds should be done since the plants are still small, because if it damage the roots of melon plants.
3.6. Harvest
3.6.1. Characteristics and Harvest Time
a. Signs and plants Appearance entity ready for harvest
1. Fruit size as a function of normal size
2. Net / Net on a very real fruit pulp / gross
3. skin color yellowish green.
b. Harvest + 3 months after planting.
c. The crop is a good time in the morning.
3.6.2. How to Harvest
a. Cut the stem of the melon with a knife, leaving at least 2.0 cm to extend the shelf life of fruits.
b. cut the rod shape of the letter "T", ie to the stalk intact.
c. Harvesting is done in stages, focusing on fruits that have actually been ready for harvest.
d. The fruit was harvested sorted. fruit damage due to strike / other physical disability, must be avoided because it will reduce the selling price.
3.6.3. Storage
Melon should not be stacked, which was not transported into the warehouse. Fruit arranged neatly coated with dry straw. Storage must be clean and dry
INTRODUCTION
Food melon show promising prospects. But if the land is increasingly hard factors, nutrient poor, especially micro-nutrients and natural hormones, climatic factors and meteorological factors of pests and diseases and maintenance factors that is not addressed, then the profit will decrease.
PT. Natural Nusantara try to help improve the productivity of melon in quantity, quality and sustainability of the environment (aspects of the K-3).
II. GROWING CONDITIONS
2.1. Climate
Keep exposure to direct sunlight for growth. A moisture melon crops highly vulnerable to disease. The optimum temperature between 25-300C. The wind blows strong enough to damage crops of melon. The rain continues to affect the plant melons. It grows well at altitudes of 300-900 m above sea level.
2.2. Culture media
good ground is sandy clay which contains organic materials such as andosol, regosol lateritic soil and grumosol, provided that the absence of soil properties can be manipulated by liming, the addition of organic matter and fertilization. Melon plants do not like the ground is too wet, soil pH of 5.8 to 7.2.
III. TECHNICAL GUIDELINES FOR RAISING
3.1. Nurseries
3.1.1. Making Media Semai
Prepare natural glio: 1-2 glio packaging natural mixed with 50-100 kg of manure on land of 1000 m2. Next + 1 week silence in the shade while still maintaining moisture and stirring time (reversed).
Mix the finely crushed (sifted) 2 Rooms / 2 cups (volume 10 LT), ripe manure that has been finely sifted as much as 1 part / 1 bucket, TSP (± 50 g) was dissolved in 2 natural cork and NASA POC glio already bred 1-2 kg of manure. Enter a polybag seedlings media sizes up to 8x10 cm filled to 90%.
3.1.2. planting and maintenance techniques
Soak the seeds in 1 liter of hot water 20-250C + 1 POC NASA closed for 8-12 hours, then simmering + 48 hours. In addition, planting bags, as deep as 1 to 1.5 cm. The seeds planted in a vertical position and the candidate points down roots. Seeds covered with a mixture of rice husk ash and soil with a ratio of 2:1. The bag is placed online seedbed for full sunlight from sunrise to drown. Given a clear plastic cover with one end open.
NASA POC spray to stimulate the development of seeds, seedlings at the age of 7-9 days with a dose of 1.0 to 1.5 cc / liter. Watering is done by carefully regularly every morning.
Melon seeds that are 4-5 sprigs or leaves of melon plants were 10-12 days of transplantation may sachets per plastic bag was carefully opened and the soil below seed planted in beds that have been drilled before, Beds should not be short of water.
3.2. Media Processing Plant
3.2.1. Open land
Before the first hijacked flooded overnight, then the next day because of piracy a depth of about 30 cm. Once it is done drying, refined.
3.2.2. Formation of beds
Maximum of 12-15 m long beds, 30-50 cm tall; beds 100-110 cm wide, and 55-65 cm wide ditch.
3.2.3. Calcification
The use of lime per 1000 m2 in soil pH 4-5 takes 150-200 kg of dolomite, at pH 5-6 is required 75-150 kg of dolomite and pH> 6 is required up to 50 kg of dolomite .
3.2.4. The basic fertilization
Fertilizer
Cage
(Tonnes / ha) Macro dose of fertilizer
(L / tree) of the NASA POC Dose
KCl urea SP36
4-5 12 20 8 30-60 CAP / 1000 m2
+ Water to taste (for)
The result will be better if fertilization base POC NASA NASA has replaced SUPER mixed water evenly over the bed with a dose of 1-2 m2 botol/1000 by:
Option 1: 1 bottle SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of mother liquor had to empty beds.
Alternative 2: all gembor vol 1 10 lt gave 1 tablespoon SUPER urged NASA to flush + 10 feet of beds.
3.2.5. Glio provide natural
To prevent fungal disease mainly attacks the wilting of natural disperse glio which was prepared before planting. Dose of 1-2 packs per 1000 m2
3.2.6. Installation of black-silver plastic mulch (PHP)
Installation of mulch should be at the blazing sun beds for mulch to enlarge, close properly. Leave the mulch covered beds 3-5 days before the planting hole.
3.3. Planting technique
3.3.1. Perforation of the plant
+ 10 cm diameter holes, hole distance of 60-80 cm. Models can be either planting two rows, facing each other to form rectangles or triangles.
3.3.2. How planting
Seedlings ready for planting was transferred with the medium. Try not to damage the plant roots while ripping bags.
3.4. Maintenance
3.4.1. Sting
Stitching done 3-5 days after planting. When you've finished a new sewing plant must be soaked in water. This should be done late afternoon sewing
3.4.2. Weeding
Weeding done to clean up the weeds / weed.
3.4.3. Perempelan>
Perempelan made to the Water Branch / bud is not the main branch.
3.4.4. Fertilization
Fertilizer application time Macro (g / plant)
KCl urea SP-36
Age 10 days 12 12 10
Age 20 days 12 12 10
Age 30 days 12 8 12
Age 40 days 12 8 20
NASA POC:
(Ha)
From the age of 1 week - 6 or 7 weeks
NASA POC is sprayed in the factory:
• Option 1: 6-7 times (1 week apart) with a dose of 4 bottles per tank
• Option 2: 4 times (at intervals of 2 weeks) with a dose of 6 bottle / tank
3.4.5. Usage HORMONIK
HORMONIK Dose: 1-2 cc / liter of water or 1-2 3-5 closed closed HORMONIK + NASA POC each spray tank. HORMONIK spray from the age of 3-11 weeks, 7 days apart.
3.4.6. Dusting
Watering of plant growth, fruit picked unless it rains. During watering not to wet the leaves and splashing water from the aquifer is not affected by leaves and fruit. Watering was done early in the morning.
3.4.7. Other maintenance
a. Marking Installation
Marking after planting sulurnya tendrils. participation of top + 150 to 200 cm. Marker is made of solid materials that can withstand the load of fruit + 2-3 kg. Place stakes ditancapkannya + 25 cm from the edge of right and left guludan. To be able to add more reliable marker of long bamboo shoots placed in the triangle between bamboo or wooden crosses along the line of the marker marker behind.
b. Pruning
Plum in melon plants are designed to maintain compliance with the desired branch. Plant height was made on average between 20 th at the point 25 (Section, a branch or a book of these plants). Prune if the air dry and sunny, so that the scars are not attacked by fungi. When pruning is done every 10 days, the first cut is a branch near the ground and leaving two pieces of leaves and branches that grow leaves topped with 2 leaves. Pruning is stopped, if the height of the plants have reached the junction of 20 or 25.
3.5. Pests and diseases
3.5.1. Pest
a. Louse Aphis (Aphis gossypii Glover)
Feature: a liquid resin containing honey and saw a bright distance. Young Aphis yellow, while the adults have wings and some blackish color. Symptoms: Plants winding tops become dry due to fluid aspirated pests leaves. Control: (1) weeds always cleaned in order not to be a host of pests, (2) spray or natural PESTONA BVR.
b. Thrips (Thrips parvispinus Karny)
File: the attack phase when the plant mature plant. nymphs and adults are yellowish brown and black. The attack in the dry season. Symptoms: young leaves or shoots are curly, and yellow spots, curly, and stunted plants and fruit may not form normally. These symptoms to watch for having contracted the virus that thrips pests. Control: Spray with natural or PESTONA BVR.
3.5.2. Disease
a. BRR
Cause: Bacteria tracheiphila Erwin E.F.Sm. This disease can spread through the intermediate mountain-Oteng Oteng sheets (Aulacophora femoralis Motschulsky). Symptoms: The leaves and withered branches, shrinkage occurs in the leaves, leaf color yellow, dry and eventually die; plant leaves wilt one by one, even if the color is still green. If the plant stem is cut transversely and emit a thick white sticky mucus can even be established as a thread. Control: the use of natural resources glio before planting.
b. Stem rot disease Jetty (black rot bligt)
Cause: Fungus Mycophaerekka melonis (Passerini), Chiu and Walker. Symptoms: The base of the stem as a submerged oil and mucus came out red-brown color, then the plants wither and die, the leaves dry attacked. Control: (1) the use of PHP to prevent moisture mulch around the base of the stem and prevent injuries in the roots and stem base, as weeding, (2) clean the affected leaves . (3) use the natural glio before planting as a precaution.
Note: If a pesticide use natural pesticides can not cope with the recommended use of chemical pesticides. To be more evenly spraying of chemical pesticides and are not easily lost by rainwater add Adhesives Straighten AERO 810, + 5 ml dose (1 / 2 cap) / tank.
3.5.3. Weeds
Against weeds (plant pests) affect plants, competition for nutrients, grow and light the place. Cancellation of weeds should be done since the plants are still small, because if it damage the roots of melon plants.
3.6. Harvest
3.6.1. Characteristics and Harvest Time
a. Signs and plants Appearance entity ready for harvest
1. Fruit size as a function of normal size
2. Net / Net on a very real fruit pulp / gross
3. skin color yellowish green.
b. Harvest + 3 months after planting.
c. The crop is a good time in the morning.
3.6.2. How to Harvest
a. Cut the stem of the melon with a knife, leaving at least 2.0 cm to extend the shelf life of fruits.
b. cut the rod shape of the letter "T", ie to the stalk intact.
c. Harvesting is done in stages, focusing on fruits that have actually been ready for harvest.
d. The fruit was harvested sorted. fruit damage due to strike / other physical disability, must be avoided because it will reduce the selling price.
3.6.3. Storage
Melon should not be stacked, which was not transported into the warehouse. Fruit arranged neatly coated with dry straw. Storage must be clean and dry
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar